European History Web Links

Ancient Civilization

BBC - History - Prehistory
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/prehistory
---uses in-depth articles, timelines, brief biographies of historic figures, virtual tours, and animations to examine the history of Great Britain, including the first peoples, native tribes, Celts, the Roman Conquest, the Dark Ages, and the life and times during the Iron Age.

eHistory.com – Ancient History
http://www.ehistory.com/ancient/index.cfm
---features articles, biographies, timelines, major wars and conflicts, maps, and a glossary of ancient history terms to examine the time period from 10,000 BC to 500 AD, and includes information about the beginning of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent, the rise and decline of the ancient Egyptian empire, and civilization in China.

Middle Ages

eHistory.com - Middle Ages
http://www.ehistory.com/middleages/index.cfm
---covers approximately 1000 years, from the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD to the end of the Hundred Years War, the voyages of Columbus, and the re-conquest of Iberia from the Moors during the late 15th century, through the use of articles, brief biographies, timelines, major wars and conflicts, maps, and a glossary of Middle Ages terms.

PBS: Conquistadors
http://www.pbs.org/conquistadors
---follows the four-part PBS series, Conquistadors, which retraces the conquest of the Aztec and Inca empires by the early 16th century Spanish explorers Francisco Pizarro, Hernán Cortés, Francisco de Orellana, and Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca through the use of narrative essays, timelines, and an interactive learning adventure.

Medieval Sourcebook: Introduction
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html

The Labyrinth
http://labyrinth.georgetown.edu

End of Europe's Middle Ages - Home Page
http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/endmiddle

NetSERF: The Internet Connection for Medieval Resources
http://www.netserf.org

ORB: The Online Reference Book for Medieval Studies
http://www.the-orb.net

The Enlightenment

The Enlightenment
http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/hum_303/enlightenment.html

The European Enlightenment
http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ENLIGHT/ENLIGHT.HTM

Internet Modern History Sourcebook: The Enlightenment
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook10.html

The Age of the Enlightenment
http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/enlightenment.html

enlightenment.html
http://www.loyno.edu/~seduffy/enlightenment.html

Intellectual Heritage Program
http://courses.temple.edu/ih/ihtest/ih52/enlightenment/enlightenment.htm

Victorian Era

BBC - History – Victorian Medicine
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/discovery/medicine/victorian_medicine_01.shtm
l---uses articles and brief biographies of key figures to examine Victorian advances in medicine and the advent of increasing specialization within the medical profession.

The Victorian Web: An Overview
http://www.victorianweb.org

Victorian England
http://www.english.uwosh.edu/roth/VictorianEngland.htm

History of the Monarchy: The Hanoverian - Victoria
http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page118.asp

PBS : Empires : Queen Victoria
http://www.pbs.org/empires/victoria

BBC - History - Queen Victoria (1819 - 1901)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/victoria_queen.shtml

19th Century Europe

Views of the Famine
http://vassun.vassar.edu/~sttaylor/FAMINE
---features newspaper articles and pictures from The Illustrated London Times, The Cork Examiner, The Pictorial Times, and Punch about the Irish potato famine.

A Web of English History: The Peel Web
http://www.historyhome.co.uk/peel/peelhome.htm

20th Century Europe

BBC - History - The Troubles
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/troubles/index.shtml
---focuses on the period of violent conflict in Northern Ireland from the Civil Rights marches in the late 1960s through the 1998 Good Friday Agreement and provides a history of the events that led to the 1921 partition of the island into two nations and the 50 years of Unionist rule in Northern Ireland.

World War I

   • General World War I Sites
    • Causes of World War I
    • Outcomes of World War I
    • Trench Warfare
    • Propaganda
    • Technology

General World War I Sites

The Great War | PBS
http://www.pbs.org/greatwar
---accompanies the eight-part PBS series, The Great War and the Shaping of the 20th Century, and uses essays, an interactive timeline, maps, and photographs to examine the military and political history of World War I as well as its ongoing social, cultural and personal impact.

World War I: The Great War
http://members.aol.com/TeacherNet/WWI.html#Causes

World War One
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ww1.htm

EyeWitness to World War I
http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/w1frm.htm

The Great War Society: World War I Information: Learning Center
http://www.worldwar1.com/tgws/index5.htm

The Great War, 1914 – 1918
http://users.tibus.com/the-great-war/index.htm

World War One, First World War
http://www.firstworldwar.com

Causes of World War I

Causes of World War I
http://www.thecorner.org/wwi/wwi.htm

BBC - History - World War One
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwone/
---presents a British perspective on causes and events of World War I.

The Balkan causes of World War I
http://www.lib.msu.edu/sowards/balkan/lect15.htm

World War One: Causes of the Great War
http://mars.acnet.wnec.edu/~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/worldwar1.html

History: The Causes of World War I
http://cyberessays.com/History/21.htm

Causes of World War One
http://members.fortunecity.se/mikaelxii/ww1/causes.html

Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Causes of World War I
http://www.reference.com/browse/wiki/Causes_of_World_War_I

Causes of the First World War
http://www.historyhome.co.uk/europe/causeww1.htm

Outcomes of World War I

BBC Schools Online World War One: Interpretation of the Treaty of Versailles
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/worldwarone/hq/outcomes3_01.shtml

Aftermath of World War I: Information from Answers.com
http://www.answers.com/topic/aftermath-of-world-war-i

The Versailles Treaty of June 28, 1919
http://history.acusd.edu/gen/text/versaillestreaty/vercontents.html

The Peace Treaty of Versailles
http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/wwi/versailles.html

The Treaty of Versailles
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/treaty_of_versailles.htm

Modern History Sourcebook: Treaty of Versailles, Jun 28, 1919
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1919versailles.html

First World War.com - Primary Documents:Treaty of Versailles, 28 June 1919
http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/versailles.htm

The Treaty of Versailles
http://www.colby.edu/personal/r/rmscheck/GermanyD1.html

A German View of the Treaty of Versailles
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~jobrien/reference/ob94.html

Treaty of Versailles Main Page
http://www.nv.cc.va.us/home/cevans/Versailles/Menu.html

The Impact of the Treaty of Versailles
http://www.schoolshistory.org.uk/ASLevel_History/week4_versailles.htm

The Avalon Project: The Versailles Treaty June 28, 1919
http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/imt/parti.htm

Documenting Democracy: Treaty of Versailles 1919
http://www.foundingdocs.gov.au/item.asp?dID=23

Trench Warfare

Encyclopedia of the First World War: Trench War
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/FWWtrench.htm

History - World War One Trench 3-d
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/3d/trench.shtml

Life in the Trenches, First World War
http://www.firstworldwar.com/features/trenchlife.htm

Trench Warfare in World War One
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/trench.htm

Trenches on the Web - Map Room
http://www.worldwar1.com/maproom.htm

Propaganda

American Posters of World War One
http://www.library.georgetown.edu/dept/speccoll/amposter.htm

British Posters of World War One
http://www.library.georgetown.edu/dept/speccoll/britpost/posters.htm

The Cartoon Book - Political Cartoons and Comics of World War I
http://www.boondocksnet.com/gallery/cartoonbook.html

Propaganda and World War One
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/propaganda_and_world_war_one.htm

Propaganda Postcards of the Great War (World War 1)
http://www.ww1-propaganda-cards.com

World War I Posters
http://www.the-forum.com/posters/warpost1.htm

Technology

Conquest of the Air - World War I Airplanes
http://inventors.about.com/cs/inventorsalphabet/a/wright_brothers_3.htm

Technology during World War I
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_I

IEEEVM: World War I Technology
http://www.ieee-virtual-museum.org/collection/event.php?taid=&id=3456962&lid=1

World War II

BBC - History - World War Two
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo
---presents a British perspective on the history of World War II.

The History Place - Holocaust Timeline
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/holocaust/timeline.html
---features a timeline of events relating to the Holocaust with links to historical and biographical information as well as pictures.

The History Place - Genocide in the 20th Century: The Nazi Holocaust 1938-1945
http://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/genocide/holocaust.htm
---provides an overview of the Holocaust including photographs.

The History Place - The Rise of Adolf Hitler
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/index.html
---contains 24 chapters that profile Hitler’s life from birth to his rise as dictator of Germany in 1933 and includes a link to The Triumph of Hitler, 18 chapters that follow the pre-war year of Nazi Germany from 1933-1939.

The History Place - Hitler Youth
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/hitleryouth/index.html
---examines the Hitler Youth from its beginnings in 1923 to through the Nuremberg Trials in 1946 and includes a timeline, organizational information, photographs, and audio clips.

The History Place - World War Two in Europe Timeline
http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/ww2time.htm
---features a timeline of events relating to the World War II in Europe with links to historical information and pictures.

Anne Frank the Writer: an Unfinished Story
http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/af/htmlsite
---features a narrated exhibition from the United States Holocaust Museum of the five notebooks and more than 300 loose pages of short stories, fairy tales, essays, and beginnings of a novel handwritten during Anne Frank’s two years in hiding and includes interviews, artifacts, photographs, and the only known film footage of Anne Frank taken in July 1941.

Anne Frank - The Official Anne Frank House Website
http://www.annefrank.org/content.asp?pid=2&lid=2

Military History

BBC - History - Wars and Conflict
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war
---uses in-depth articles, timelines, brief biographies of historic figures, virtual tours, and animations to examine the causes and effects of several wars and conflicts throughout history, including the Norman Conquest, the English Civil War,
World War I, World War II, the conflicts in Northern Ireland and in Iraq.

BBC - History - Wars and Conflicts - 1916 Easter Rising
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/easterrising/index.shtml
---examines the events leading up to 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland and looks at the rebellion and its aftermath through the use of essays, photographs, witness accounts, biographies of key figures, leading organizations, radio archives, music, and newspapers from the period.